Assignment

• A project proposal: due on 2/20/25.
• A project progress report due on 3/31/25; or an optional (formal) project presentation to be scheduled for the last 4-5 weeks of classes (last presentation date: 4/30/25).
• A project demo to be scheduled with your TA in the last 2-3 weeks of the semester. (last demo date: 5/2/25).
• A final project report: due on 5/2/25.
  Notice: This part is slightly different for graduate students and undergraduate students. See below.

• It can be either an individual project or a small group project. Unless there is a compelling reason, group size of 3 or more is discouraged due to the expectation that everyone in the team will be performing hands-on testing using multiple testing techniques and submitting a single set of project deliverables.
• There is also slightly different requirements for graduate and undergraduate students in the result analysis part of your project -- see details below.
• The proposal is primarily used as a means for you to receive feedback/approval from the instructor.
  Observation: I have yet to see an excellent project without getting the proposal feedback/approval first.
• I'll provide some feedback to your progress report in writing or verbally for those giving in-class presentations.
• The final deliverables for your project include two parts: a project demo (new for this semester) with your TA, and a written project report. The details are given later.
• Important: Regardless of the type of project you select, you must do some testing (and possibly additional QA and/or quality modeling) specifically for this class, not something you did earlier, and submit a specifically prepared set of project deliverables. A simple documentation of on-going testing/QA at your work or at other places is not acceptable.
• Caution: Submission of someone else's work/report/paper will automatically get a 0 for the project assignment. And, you may be referred to SMU honor council for the violation of SMU honor code.

The details are given below.

Acceptable testing projects

• Construct control flow and data dependency graphs/models (CFGs and DDGs) for a module you are developing at your work from a designer/developer's perspective; generate related test cases from these models; and perform testing accordingly (CFT+DFT/WBT),
• Construct a finite state machine (FSM) or input domain partitions to capture the expected behavior of a software or application from a user's perspective, and test it accordingly (FSM/BBT or PT/BBT),
• Augment your FSM with quantitative usage information into a Markov chain operational profile (Markov-OP) to perform usage-based statistical testing (UBST) from a collective users' perspective (Markov-OP/UBST),
• Develop/validate/use an operational profile for a large software systems you are working on and collect testing data to quantify its reliability (OP/UBST + SRE).

As accompanying or followup activities to testing above, you need to collect and analyze relevant data (see below), and draw some conclusions about your project (and maybe future work too).

It is generally a good idea to consider multiple formal/systematic testing techniques, preferably from different categories (e.g., both flat models and FSM-based models) and perspectives (e.g., BBT, WBT, and UBST), and then select and actually use at least 2 of them in your project to get a hands-on experience of how different techniques work in practical applications. Here is the rule regarding what can be counted as a formal/systematic testing technique for your course project:

• Yes: The candidate techniques to be considered are the ones we cover in detail in this course, i.e., PT, Musa-OP/UBST, BT, FSM, Markov-OP/UBST, CFT, DFT. Notice that all the techniques mentioned above, except the two UBST ones, can be applied either as a BBT or a WBT technique, resulting in 12 primary formal/systematic testing techniques to select from.
• No: Checklist and other informal/ad-hoc testing are not counted as a formal/systematic testing technique. If you start with a checklist, it must be formalized into PT/FSM/etc. to be counted as a formal/systematic testing technique.
• No: Don't confuse a testing technique with a testing subphase (e.g., unit testing, component testing, stress testing, etc.), or testing of a specific type of products or for a specific purpose (e.g., Web testing, usability testing, security testing, performance testing, etc.). If you are performing some testing in this category, you still need to select your specific testing techniques.
• Maybe: For testing technique not falling into the above categories, please check with the instructor and get approval before you proceed further.

Pay special attention to the evaluation of your testing/analysis results, especially the collective/overall analysis (e.g., defect/effort/etc. comparison across multiple testing techniques), in addition to individual test result analysis. Be prepared to answer the following questions:

• How do you know if the testing technique worked/works? Consider the applicability, effectiveness, and cost comparisons.
• What's the basis for comparison (baseline)?
• What about some other testing techniques that might be appropriate?
• Is the quality getting better after testing? Can you quantify the trend by the defect metrics or reliability growth?

Your answer can be based on either the practical evidence (executing several types of testing cases, observing the results, and analyzing the relevant measurement data) or based on logical arguments (suitability of certain testing technique on certain types of products), or both.

• Graduate students are expected to study relevant material from Part IV of our textbook to perform the analyses above. Some test result, defect (possible defect classification using ODC?), or reliability analyses are expected.
• Undergraduate students can choose to perform only a high-level analysis to answer the above questions without going into detailed data analysis.

QA/SQE beyond testing in your project

• You may choose to perform various other quality assurance activities and document the results, as a substitute for one of the formal/systematic testing technique required. Possibilities include comprehensive inspection, defect prevention and process improvement, formal verification, fault tolerance, and hazard analysis/resolution for safety-critical systems.
• You may also collect inspection/testing/QA records for a product at your work, and construct quality models to analyze the results, to assess the effectiveness of your inspection/testing/QA techniques, or to identify high-defect modules for focused quality improvement actions. Make sure you are focusing on quality that can be quantified and/or formally analyzed. For example, some defect analysis, both the root cause analysis type and statistical analysis, or even some classified defect data analysis using schemes such as ODC/AF, and some reliability analysis would be appropriate. However, a process definition/improvement initiative with only a logical argument for its superiority is not suitable for this course project.

Where to Find Something to Test or to Perform QA on?

• Well, I mentioned about your work, a product or a system, or a sub-part of it, that you are involved as an architect/designer/developer/tester/user/manager/etc. at your work. However, if you don't feel comfortable taking this as your class project or talking about it (without mentioning product name and raw data) in class, you need to find something else to work on.
  Notice: Your project report (and the demo too) must contain testing related technical information, such as test models, test cases, and test results, although you don't have to give detailed product information. As a rule of thumb, if you feel uncomfortable with the material you have to put into this report, find something else to work on.
  Check with your manager about it if you are not sure.

• Because of the ubiquitous nature of software and systems today, everyone is a user of some software/system/service/etc., which can be tested from a user's perspective. Similarly, many web-based services/systems/applications can be a good source for your project. Of course, if you have access to the source code, from someone/somewhere else, you'll be able to perform WBT as well. Open source software and programs are a wonderful source for many student projects in the past as well.

• Many students used their past projects from work, from former college/graduate school classes, from hobby activities (e.g., game programming), or from their role as users of some specific packages/software/web-site/services/etc. Apply the same sensitivity rule as for your current project above.

Project proposal

• a project title (be as specific/informative as possible),
• a one-paragraph abstract or an executive summary, at the beginning of the proposal, that summarize your project (most importantly the testing techniques to be used, but not only a summary of the software you are going to test),
• a brief introduction,
• brief background information and problems to solve (about 1/2 or 1 page), clearly identify the problem that you are going to address,
• the solution strategy you intend to use (starting with the overall strategy, and then individual testing/QA techniques to be used kind of analyses to be performed, etc., with justification),
• planned activities and artifacts/deliverables to be produced,
• expected results,
• analysis of result to be performed,
• followup actions,
• a rough schedule,
• indicate whether you'll be making a project presentation, and, if possible, your preferred presentation date.

• Please provide information regarding each team member's roles and responsibilities.
• The amount of work proposed for a group project should be appropriate for the group size. As a general rule of thumb, if something can be comfortably done by a single student, it is not suitable as a group project. For example, instead of two formal/systematic testing techniques in an individual project, four or more such techniques are expected for a 2-person group project.
• Similarly, more diversity is also expected for a group project.
• If you choose to perform multiple other QA/SQE activities (see above), you may substitute for two of the formal/systematic testing techniques required for such a team project.
• You only need to submit one set of deliverables (1 proposal, 1 progress-report/presentation, and 1 report) for the project, which must follow the same instruction as the individual projects.
• No multiple identical submissions, please. The team member not submitting the project deliverables, please enter a note at the submission link clearly stating who is submitting the required documents.
• If your team consists of both undergraduate and graduate students, the rules for graduate students will apply.
• Similarly, if your team consists of both on-campus and distance students, the team will be treated as an on-campus team.
• The grade will be assigned to the project, not to the individual members of the team. So, if there are some issues, work them out within your team.

Please keep in mind that by the time you submit your project proposal, we have only covered less than half of the class material, although an overview of the whole course is given at the beginning of the semester and a survey of the major testing techniques is done. Therefore, you may make certain modifications to the things you propose, but the basic framework should be in your proposal and remain relatively stable.

Once I have reviewed your proposal and provided my feedback, you need to address the issues I raised, in your final project report. However, in most cases, you do not need to submit a revised proposal. In the rare case that your proposal is marked as "unacceptable" or received 0 grade, I'll explicitly ask you to re-do/re-submit your proposal via e-mail.

Progress report

• Your progress report should be around 3-4 double spaced pages (but not double column, again) in length, or about 6-8 slides in presentation slide format.
• A brief summary of what you proposed earlier should be included, 1/2 to 1 page, and changes in project scope/direction, if any, with justification.
• Focus: progress so far, post-proposal stage, including data collected for model construction, testing models constructed, test cases constructed and executed, testing results, result analysis, etc.
• What remain to be done (progress vs plan/proposal), and when.

Project presentation

For distance students interested in making a presentation: I'd encourage you to make an effort to come to the campus to give your presentation to provide the opportunity for interactive discussions. However, if you have difficulty with it, pre-recorded presentation can also be acceptable.

I'll give you verbal feedback during/after your presentation, which should be incorporated into your final project report.

Project demo

Be prepared to answer questions from your TA and show project related material/documentation/live-testing/etc.

A sign up sheet will be available a week or so before the demo period starts.

Project report

The report should clearly and comprehensively states the background, problem, strategy, activities, models, test cases, results, result analysis, lessons learned, followup actions, and a high level summary (and an abstract at the beginning). Additional material, such as graphs, models, test cases, etc. produced, information sources and raw data, customer surveys, etc., can be included in the appendix and clearly marked as such (so it will not be counted towards your 20 page quota). However, graphs/models/tables/etc. central to the report should be included int the report itself, not in the appendix.

For undergraduate students, you report should be similar, except the analysis part (see information in the "Proposal" section above). As a result, your report is expected to be around 10-12 pages. But, if you choose to, you can follow the instruction for graduate students as well.

The format/sequence should be similar to what I listed for the project proposal, but, of course, with more results (what you did, including models and test cases produced, test results, result analysis, etc., and what you discovered/learned, not just what you proposed to do). Meaningful/descriptive headings/titles for individual numbered sections should be used to organize the report.

If you are not familiar with technical reports or papers, please consult technical/professional journals and conferences proceedings published by ACM, IEEE (particularly its Computer Society), and/or other reputable organizations.

Several common mistakes to avoid:

• It is supposed to be a "report", not a set of "presentation slides". So, limit your use of lists/bullets, and put most of the material/discussions in paragraphs. Similarly, only figures and tables without corresponding discussions do not make a good report.
• Your project report must contain testing related technical information, such as information/data collected for model construction, important test models, summary of test cases and results (and discussion of some important ones, if appropriate), and analysis of the results. Use tables and/or figures if appropriate. In addition, you need to describe/discuss this information (particularly the tables/figures included).
• On the other hand, you shouldn't include all the graphs, models, test cases, etc. produced for the project in the report main text itself. As I mentioned above, they can be included in the appendix, if you desire, together with other material, such as raw data, customer surveys, selected code/design-doc, etc.
  Notice 1: The material included in the appendix will not count towards the page limit.
  Notice 2: You may be asked to show such material/documents to the TA during project demo.
• Again, to avoid the common mistake in the presentation I mentioned earlier of including too much background information but not enough testing/QA-specific technical information, you should focus on the problem-solution-activities-models-results-analysis sequence, preceded by the brief introduction/background and followed by the summary/lessons-learned/etc.